Jawed Karim (born 1979) is a German-American software engineer and internet entrepreneur best known as a co-founder of YouTube, the pioneering video-sharing platform that revolutionized online media consumption.[1][2] Born in Merseburg, East Germany, he immigrated to the United States with his family in 1992, settling in St. Paul, Minnesota.[1][3]Karim earned a Bachelor of Science in computer science from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 2004, where he later became an alumnus recognized in the Grainger Engineering Hall of Fame for his entrepreneurial contributions.[1] He began his career as an early software engineer at PayPal starting in 1999, contributing to core components of its payment system alongside future collaborators Steve Chen and Chad Hurley.[1][2]In February 2005, Karim co-founded YouTube with Chen and Hurley, initially conceived as a video-dating site but quickly evolving into a general platform for user-generated content.[1][2] Serving as an advisor and the company's first director of technology, he uploaded YouTube's inaugural video, titled "Me at the zoo", on April 23, 2005—a 19-second clip of himself at the San Diego Zoo that has since garnered over 370 million views as of November 2025.[1][2][4] The platform's rapid growth led to its acquisition by Google in October 2006 for $1.65 billion in stock, marking one of the largest tech buyouts at the time.[5][2] Karim departed shortly after to pursue advanced studies, earning a Master of Science in computer science from Stanford University.[1]Post-YouTube, Karim co-founded Avos Systems in 2011, a social media company, and established Youniversity Ventures in 2008 to support early-stage startups.[1] As an investor, he provided early funding to Airbnb through Youniversity Ventures (now known as Y Ventures) and advised ventures like Milo Inc. and Eventbrite.[2][6] He has maintained a low public profile while residing in Palo Alto, California, occasionally updating the description of his historic YouTube video to comment on platform policies or environmental issues, such as microplastics in 2025.[1][2] His work has positioned him as a key figure in the "PayPal Mafia," a network of alumni driving innovation in Silicon Valley.[5]
Early life and education
Childhood and immigration
Jawed Karim was born on October 28, 1979, in Merseburg, East Germany, to Naimul Karim, a Bangladeshi research scientist, and Christine Karim, a Germanbiochemist.[7][8] His parents, who met while studying at Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, were both involved in scientific research; his father held over 30 patents during his career at the 3M Company, while his mother later became a research professor at the University of Minnesota.[7] The family maintained a private life, with limited public information available about Karim's younger brother, Ilias, born in 1989.[7][9]In 1981, when Karim was two years old, his family relocated from East Germany to West Germany to escape the political restrictions and instability of the communist regime.[7] They first settled in Kaiserslautern before moving to Neuss in 1985, where Karim spent much of his early childhood.[7][9] During this period, his mother focused on family responsibilities alongside her scientific pursuits, while his father continued his research work.[8]The family immigrated to the United States in 1992, when Karim was 13, following his father's transfer by the 3M Company to its research center in Saint Paul, Minnesota.[7] This move provided new opportunities amid the challenges of adapting to American culture, including a brief summer visit to Dhaka, Bangladesh, where Karim became fluent in Bangla.[7] Upon arrival, Karim transitioned to formal education in the US at Saint Paul Central High School.[9]In Neuss, Karim gained early exposure to computers, experimenting with a Commodore 64 alongside his father and learning to program in BASIC, which sparked his enduring fascination with technology.[7] By age 11, he had programmed his first game on the machine, laying the foundation for his future in software engineering.[10]
Academic background
After immigrating to the United States as a child, Jawed Karim graduated from Saint Paul Central High School in Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1997.[11]Karim enrolled in the computer science program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) in 1997.[12] He attended for three years before departing in 2000 to pursue professional opportunities, but completed his remaining credits through correspondence courses and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in computer science in 2004.[12] During his time at UIUC, Karim was recognized as an alumnus and later returned as the commencement speaker in 2007.[12]Following his undergraduate studies, Karim enrolled as a graduate student in computer science at Stanford University in 2006.[5] He earned a Master of Science degree in 2007 and subsequently pursued a doctorate, with aspirations to become a professor.[13][14] He did not complete the PhD program, instead focusing on entrepreneurial ventures.[1]
Professional career
Early roles at Intel and PayPal
During his studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jawed Karim completed an internship at Silicon Graphics, Inc. in 2000, where he worked as a software engineer on 3D voxel data management.[15]In 1999, Karim joined PayPal as an intern, transitioning to a full-time software engineer role by 2000, focusing on the development of anti-fraud systems.[15] His key contributions included implementing the company's real-time fraud protection system, which utilized machine learning algorithms to analyze transactions and minimize fraudulent activity.[16] This engine processed millions of daily transactions while significantly reducing false positives in detection.[16]During his time at PayPal, Karim met fellow employees Steve Chen and Chad Hurley, forming connections that would later influence their collaborative ventures.[2]Karim's role at PayPal coincided with the company's initial public offering in February 2002 and its subsequent acquisition by eBay for $1.5 billion in October 2002.[17] As an early employee, he benefited from stock options that granted him substantial financial independence following the deal.[18]
Co-founding YouTube
In early 2005, Jawed Karim, Steve Chen, and Chad Hurley—former colleagues at PayPal—conceived the idea for YouTube after struggling to share a video clip from a dinner party online, highlighting the lack of an easy platform for video distribution.[19] This frustration, combined with the rise of broadband internet and digital cameras, prompted the trio to develop a dedicated video-sharing site. They incorporated YouTube LLC on February 14, 2005, in San Mateo, California, with Karim listed as a co-founder and serving as the company's first director of technology in an advisory capacity from the outset.[20]Karim played a key role in building the platform's foundational technology, including its video upload and streaming capabilities, applying his prior experience at PayPal where he had engineered real-time anti-fraud systems and core payment processing components.[1] The site's beta launch followed soon after, and on April 23, 2005, Karim uploaded the inaugural video, "Me at the zoo"—a 19-second clip he filmed himself at the San Diego Zoo, standing in front of the elephant exhibit and remarking on the animals' trunk length.[21] This simple test demonstrated the platform's core functionality and marked the beginning of user-generated content on YouTube.The site quickly gained traction, drawing approximately 30,000 unique visitors per day by the summer of 2005 as word spread through tech circles and early adopters shared clips.[22] This momentum attracted initial angel investments to cover server costs and operations, culminating in a $3.5 million Series A funding round led by Sequoia Capital in November 2005, which enabled scaling of bandwidth and infrastructure.[23]On October 9, 2006, Google announced its acquisition of YouTube for $1.65 billion in stock, a deal that valued the 20-month-old startup at an extraordinary multiple of its funding and propelled it into the mainstream.[24] Karim, who had stepped back from day-to-day operations earlier to pursue graduate studies at Stanford University, received shares worth approximately $64 million for his stake in the company.[25] He continued providing technical advice during the integration period before fully departing in early 2007.[26]
Post-YouTube pursuits
Following the acquisition of YouTube by Google in late 2006, Karim resigned from the company in early 2007 to pursue independent projects, travel, and advanced academic studies.[27] The substantial financial gains from the sale, estimated at approximately $65 million for his stake, provided the resources to support these endeavors without immediate professional commitments.[28]In 2007, Karim enrolled in the PhD program in computer science at Stanford University, where he focused his research on topics including large-scale data processing for web applications and algorithms related to social media and online communities.[14] During his graduate studies, he contributed to open-source projects and co-authored academic publications, such as the 2009 paper "A Dynamic Navigation Guide for Webpages," presented at the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, which explored efficient user guidance in complex online environments using data-driven techniques.[29] Another key contribution was his work on "The Effects of Group Composition on Decision Quality in a Social Production Community," examining how team dynamics influence outcomes in collaborative online platforms, a topic with implications for social media algorithm design.Karim earned a Master of Science degree in computer science from Stanford in 2008 but withdrew from the PhD program in 2010 to prioritize entrepreneurship, emphasizing the need for hands-on impact in the tech industry over continued academic research.[1] With his YouTube proceeds, he began engaging in initial angel investments in early-stage tech startups around 2011, marking his transition toward venture activities while maintaining a low public profile. From 2010 to 2012, Karim participated in occasional speaking engagements on topics like technological innovation and startup ecosystems, sharing insights from his experiences at events hosted by universities and tech communities.[30]
Investments and ventures
Establishment of Youniversity Ventures
In 2008, Jawed Karim co-founded Youniversity Ventures, an early-stage venture capital firm, alongside Kevin Hartz and Keith Rabois.[31][32] The firm, initially funded by Karim's personal wealth from the 2006 sale of YouTube to Google—where he received approximately $64 million in stock—was established to support emerging entrepreneurs.[33]Headquartered in Palo Alto, California, Youniversity Ventures focused on investments in the internet consumer sector, particularly targeting students and first-time founders to help them develop and scale innovative products.[32] As managing partner, Karim drew on his engineering expertise from his role at PayPal, as well as his YouTube experience, to provide technical guidance during due diligence and mentorship.[32]The firm later rebranded as Y Ventures, continuing its emphasis on seed-stage opportunities in consumer technology while expanding its network through co-investments with established venture capital entities.[31] By 2025, Y Ventures had built a portfolio of early-stage companies, maintaining its commitment to fostering innovation among underrepresented and novice entrepreneurs in the tech ecosystem.[32]
Key investments
Through Youniversity Ventures, the primary vehicle for his investment activities, Jawed Karim has executed over 22 investments by 2025, concentrating on seed and Series A rounds in technology-driven startups.[34]Notable investments include early funding in Airbnb, which supported the company's growth into a global hospitality platform, and a stake in Reddit, contributing to its development as a major social media site.[2]More recently, Karim participated in the November 6, 2024, seed round for Corgea, an AI-driven cybersecurity startup that automatically finds, triages, and fixes insecure code.[35] His latest funding came on August 8, 2025, supporting BlindPay's seed round as a fintech platform enabling accessible, inclusive payment solutions for underserved users using stablecoins.[36]
Public commentary
Views on YouTube's evolution
Since stepping back from active involvement in YouTube shortly after its founding to pursue a master's degree in computer science at Stanford University, which he completed in 2008, Karim has maintained no formal involvement in the platform's operations or policy decisions.[2]Karim has occasionally voiced critiques of YouTube's post-departure changes by editing the description of his seminal 2005 video, "Me at the zoo," which served as the platform's inaugural upload. In November 2013, amid YouTube's rollout of mandatory Google+ integration for video comments—a move intended to consolidate Google's social features—Karim updated the description with a profane rebuke: "Why the f**k does YouTube require Google+ to comment?" This edit highlighted his concern over the erosion of the site's original user-friendly ethos in favor of broader corporate integration.[37]Karim reiterated his dissatisfaction in November 2021, when YouTube hid public dislike counts from videos to curb targeted harassment and skewed metrics. He revised the video description to question the policy: "Why would YouTube make this universally disliked change? There is a reason, but it's not a good one, and not one that will be publicly shared." He further argued that the change was a "stupid idea," warning it would facilitate low-quality content like scams and misinformation by removing a key tool for viewer feedback, ultimately contributing to the platform's decline.[38][39]In February 2025, Karim updated the description again to draw attention to environmental concerns, stating: "Microplastics are accumulating in human brains at an alarming rate." This edit linked to resources on the issue, reflecting a shift toward broader societal commentary while using the video as a platform for public awareness, consistent with his pattern of subtle interventions.[2]These interventions underscore Karim's broader reflections on YouTube's shift from a simple video-sharing tool—co-founded by him alongside Chad Hurley and Steve Chen—to a complex, algorithm-driven behemoth under Google ownership, where user experience sometimes yields to business priorities. Despite the critiques, Karim has expressed pride in the platform's enduring legacy as a foundational force in enabling global video accessibility.[40]
Broader opinions on technology
Karim has articulated a philosophy emphasizing simple technology to address complex societal problems, noting in a 2006 lecture that successes like Wikipedia stem not from advanced tech but from straightforward interfaces that enable user contributions, such as easy editing for collective knowledge building.[30] This approach mirrors the core of YouTube's design, prioritizing effortless video uploads to democratize content sharing, and underscores his belief that accessibility drives widespread adoption over intricate engineering.[41]This perspective influences his investment strategy at Youniversity Ventures (now Y Ventures), where he backs early-stage startups—particularly those led by students and first-time founders—focusing on consumer internet innovations that solve real-world challenges through intuitive tools rather than overcomplicated systems.[42] Established in 2008, the firm holds regular office hours at Stanford to mentor emerging entrepreneurs, reflecting Karim's commitment to fostering accessible tech ecosystems that empower novices to tackle ambitious issues like connectivity and collaboration.[14]In the realm of emerging technologies, Karim has demonstrated support for blockchain through strategic investments, including a 2025 seed round in BlindPay, a startup leveraging stablecoins to facilitate efficient cross-border payments and reduce reliance on traditional financial intermediaries.[43] His involvement highlights an endorsement of blockchain's potential for practical applications in global finance, aligning with his preference for technologies that simplify intricate processes without succumbing to speculative excesses.[44]Drawing from his graduate studies at Stanford, where he earned a master's in computer science, Karim has advocated for education technology that makes advanced learning resources available to all, as evidenced by his efforts to guide student-led projects toward user-friendly online platforms during Youniversity Ventures' sessions.[5] This stems from his early career experiences at PayPal, where exposure to scalable systems informed his push for tools that lower barriers to knowledge acquisition in academic settings.[
